中国“碳中和”目标的实现路径与模式选择

围绕中国碳中和目标的实现路径与模式选择问题，提出了一个中国应对气候变化整体治理模式，即多阶段混合主导型碳中和实现模式。这一模式是以国家为核心，在一定时期和内外环境约束下，通过减排和增汇路径，对中国境内由人类活动造成的CO2排放与人为CO2吸收量之间关系进行调整和平衡的过程；其内部由宏观、中观和微观三层结构组成，每层结构各不相同。多阶段混合主导型碳中和实现模式的提出，拓展和完善了气候变化整体治理理论，为气候变化治理提供了机制借鉴。     

河北省省级贫困县农村居民移居城市意愿研究——基于邯郸市广平县的调查分析

当今中国，经济发展飞速，农民工源源不断涌入城市，长期以来形成城乡二元结构，农民移居城市意愿在京津冀一体化和推进城镇化背景下呈何状态、有何变化？笔者通过实地调研，分析问卷数据，分析移居城市意愿的影响因素及变化，并提出可行性建议。     

Calibrating the go-along for the Anthropocene

ABSTRACT

This article contends that the ‘go-along’ contains more technical and ontological agility as a methodology for social research than is often assumed. After distinguishing the central spectrums of technical and ontological agility rooted in different research designs and philosophical orientations, I examine how researchers can nourish it while refining the go-along’s moral purpose in the context of environmental and related mobility crises that define the Anthropocene. I argue researchers can cultivate the go-along’s agility and moral purpose by deploying it with a quantitative context, comparing go-along case studies, moving past human supremacism and illuminating ecologically just forms of mobility that respect other species of life and their habitats. To show one way that the go-along can accomplish these things, I present two vignettes of cycling in urban Canada, drawing on a mobile video ethnography of cycling, a funded study in sociology, conducted between 2014 and 2018.     

Fiddling while the planet burns? COP25 in perspective

ABSTRACT

With fires, storms, social protests, and climate strikes sweeping the world, 2019 should have been a tipping point in how the world responds to global heating. This was the backdrop to the COP25 climate change summit which took place in Madrid in December 2019. This paper assesses the outcomes of the meeting and the path towards the critically important meeting in Glasgow at the end of 2020. It analyses and explains the key points of contention over levels of ambition, the rules which should govern global carbon markets and sensitive issues such as loss and damage associated with the impacts of climate change. The analysis is situated within a broader geopolitical and economic context of right-wing populism, deepening forms of marketization and financialization of responses to climate change and against a background of a world increasingly feeling the effects of the climate crisis.     

Why is the gender revolution uneven and stalled? Gender essentialism and men's movement into ‘women's work'

Men's limited movement into female occupations has been identified as a key barrier to future declines in occupational sex segregation and achieving greater gender equality. So why are men so reticent to enter jobs normatively regarded as female? Drawing from qualitative interviews with multiple stakeholders in four female‐dominated occupations in Australia, this article documents the processes that influence men's employment in gender‐atypical jobs. Gender essentialism is central to many processes that generate and/or stall changes in men's representation in female‐dominated occupations. While gender essentialism's role in producing and reproducing occupation sex segregation is well known, its role in reducing occupational sex segregation is a critical process which has previously received limited attention. The article details gender essentialism's integrative function.     

基于碳减排技术的竞争供应链投资均衡策略研究

本文以两条竞争供应链（每条供应链均包含一个制造商和一个零售商）为研究对象，基于其是否采用碳减排技术，构建了两条供应链均不采用碳减排技术（NN情景）、供应链1采用碳减排技术（AN情景），供应链2采用碳减排技术（NA情景），及两条供应链均采用碳减排技术（AA情景）的收益模型，求解出相应的最优解并探讨了竞争供应链投资碳减排技术的均衡策略。研究发现：当碳税较低时，AA情景是竞争供应链的均衡策略；当碳税适中时，生产成本较高的供应链不采用减排技术，而其竞争供应链将采用减排技术以提升竞争力；当碳税较高时，NN情景是竞争供应链的均衡策略。此外，当供应链间竞争强度较弱时，政府可适当提高碳税标准；当供应链间竞争较为激烈时，政府应降低碳税以引导企业采用碳减排技术。     

Pathways from workplace flexibility to turnover intention: Role of work–family conflict,family–work conflict,and job satisfaction

This study examined the prevalence of workplace flexibility and the mechanisms that allow workplace flexibility to influence turnover intentions through work–family and family–work conflicts and job satisfaction among low‐wage workers in South Korea. Participants included 250 low‐wage workers whose monthly salary was less than 2 million Korean won (approx. $1,900). The study results indicate that low‐wage workers have limited access to workplace flexibility and that workplace flexibility plays a significant protective role in reducing their turnover intention, indirectly by decreasing work–family conflicts and enhancing job satisfaction. This article also discusses the implications of these findings for labor policy and social work practice.     

Australia’s national urban policy: The smart cities agenda in perspective

The Australian Government's attempts at national urban policy have been sporadic and inconsistent, under the constraints of constitutional, financial, ideological and political factors. This paper concerns the recent resurgence of national urban policy under the rubric of “smart cities” adopted by the Turnbull Government and carried on by the incumbent Morrison Government. It investigates how this round of smart cities agenda articulates with Australia's political tradition of national urban policy to seek continuity and change, through comparing historical policies, unpacking major smart cities programmes, identifying explanatory factors and critically commenting on its innovation and legacy. Drawing upon these analyses, this paper argues that understanding the smart cities agenda needs to move beyond the political, ideological “to-and-fro” pendulum to national urban policy observed in history. Rather, it resonates with a globalised policy norm established upon the city-based global integration and competition, driven by an imperative of transitioning to a knowledge economy and pursuing innovation capacity. It is too early to judge whether the smart cities agenda will bring changes to Australian cities in the way it wishes, since it involves long-term infrastructure investment and urban development projects. However, a comprehensive and consistent national urban policy to govern the Australian system of cities and towns has not been established yet.     

碳金融市场下基于模糊测度和Choquet积分的碳期权估值

基于投资者对投资财富和风险的偏好研究碳期权定价模型。运用λ-可加模糊测度表示投资者对碳期权价值模糊度量的差异性，借助Choquet期望积分构建投资者的期望收益效用函数；根据投资财富效用最大化推导无约束条件下碳期权的最优价；结合现实约束条件，构建投资财富效用最大化下的碳期权定价模型；通过数值计算分析效用函数、模糊参数和现实约束对碳期权定价的影响。研究结果表明:效用函数的选择会体现投资者对碳期权投资风险态度的变化，模糊测度参数的取值能够反映碳期权投资者个体的主观情绪和市场信息获取程度，现实约束会迫使碳期权投资者放弃部分投资隐含价值。     

The Transnational Tilt of the Treadmill and the Role of Trade Openness on Carbon Emissions: A Comparative International Study, 1965–2010

There are various schools of thought regarding the relationship between the environment and economy. Ecological modernization argues that the harmful effects of economic growth and development on the environment decline through time, whereas the treadmill of production and ecologically unequal exchange postulate different perspectives. This study relies on World Bank and World Resources Institute data for the period of 1965–2010. Time‐series cross‐sectional Prais‐Winsten (PW) regression models with panel‐corrected standard errors (PCSE) are employed to examine whether economic growth and trade openness intensified or decoupled in relation to three measures of carbon dioxide (CO₂₎ emissions during this period. The findings of this study indicate that there has been a “tilt” in the treadmill of production—that is, the most environmentally degrading production processes have moved to less developed countries. Furthermore, integration into the world economy has been associated with an intensification in CO₂ emissions for less developed countries. Surprisingly, however, this phenomenon does not seem to be driven by exports sent to high‐income nations, suggesting that there are mechanisms embodied within the global organization of production that require further exploration.